Hadith on Jihad: You have come from the lesser Jihad unto the great Jihad against desires

Jabir reported: Some people returned to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, from an expedition. He said, “You have returned with a good return, from the lesser Jihad unto the greater Jihad.” They said, “O Messenger of Allah, what is the greater Jihad?” He said, “It is the servant’s struggle against his desires.”

[Al-Bayhaqi, Kitab Az-Zuhd, Number 383, Da’eef]

عَنْ جَابِرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَدِمَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَوْمٌ غُزَاةٌ فَقَالَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدِمْتُمْ خَيْرَ مَقْدَمٍ مِنَ الْجِهَادِ الأَصْغَرِ إِلَى الْجِهَادِ الأَكْبَرِ قَالُوا وَمَا الْجِهَادُ الأَكْبَرُ ؟ قَالَ مُجَاهَدَةُ الْعَبْدِ هَوَاهُ هَذَا إِسْنَادٌ ضَعِيفٌ

الزهد الكبير للبيهقي الزهد الكبير للبيهقي فصل في ترك الدنيا ومخالفة النفس

Hadith on Death: The Prophet’s supplication for mercy before his passing away

Aisha reported: I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, saying near the occasion of his death, “O Allah, forgive me, have mercy upon me, and join me with the highest company.”

[Sunan At-Tirmidhi, Book of Supplications, Number 3496, Sahih]

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ عِنْدَ وَفَاتِهِ اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي وَارْحَمْنِي وَأَلْحِقْنِي بِالرَّفِيقِ الْأَعْلَى

قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ

سنن الترمذي كتاب الدعوات باب ما جاء في عقد التسبيح باليد

Umar ibn Al-Khattab: When you did you enslave people although they are born free?

Ibn Abd Al-Hakim reported: Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, said that a man from the people of Egypt came to Umar ibn Al-Khattab and said, “O leader of the believers, I seek refuge in you from injustice!” Umar replied, “You have sought someone willing.” The man said, “I competed with the son of Amr ibn Al-‘As and I won, but he started striking me with a whip and saying: I am the son of the dignified!” Upon this, Umar wrote to Amr ordering him to travel to him with his son. He came with his son and Umar said, “Where is the Egyptian?” He gave him the whip and told him to strike the son of Amr. The man started striking him while Umar was saying, “Strike the son of the illiterates!” Anas said, “By Allah, the man struck him and we loved his striking, and he did not stop until we wished he stopped.” Then Umar said to the Egyptian, “Direct it to Amr.” The Egyptian said, “O leader of the believers, it was only his son who struck me and I have settled the score.” Umar said to Amr, “Since when did you enslave the people though they were born from their mothers in freedom?” Amr said, “O leader of the believers, I did not know about this and he did not tell me.”

[Ibn Abd Al-Hakim, Futuh Masr 290]

وأخرج ابن عبد الحكم عن أنس رضي الله عنه أن رجلاً من أهل مصر أتى عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه فقال يا أمير المؤمنين عائذ بك من الظلم قال عذتَ معَاذاً قال سابقت ابن عمرو بن العاص فسبقته فحعل يضربني بالسوط ويقول أنا ابن الأكرمين فكتب عمر إلى عمرو رضي الله عنهما يأمره بالقدوم ويقدَم بابنه معه فقدم فقال عمر أين المصري؟ خذ السوط ضرب فجعل يضربه بالسوط ويقول عمر إضرب ابن الألأمَينْ قال أنس فضرب والله لقد ضربه ونحن نحب ضربه؛ فلما أقلع عنه حتى تمنينا أنه يرفع عنه ثم قال للمصري ضَعْ على صلعة عمرو فقال يا أمير المؤمنين إِنّما ابنه الذي ضربني وقد استَقَدْت منه فقال عمر لعمرو مذ كم تعبدتم الناس وقد ولدتهم أمهاتهم أحراراً؟ قال يا أمير المؤمنين لم أعلم ولم يأتني. كذا في منتخب كنز العمال

ابن عبدالحكم في فتوح مصر

Hadith on Ramadan: The Prophet did not pray some nights in the mosque so that it would not become an obligation

Aisha reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, prayed one night in the mosque and some people prayed along with him. Then, he prayed the following night and many people joined him. Then, on the third or fourth night there was a large gathering but the Messenger of Allah did not come out for them. When it was morning, he said, “I saw what you were doing, but I refrained from coming to you because I fear that this prayer might become an obligation for you.” Aisha said, “This was during the month of Ramadan.”

[Sahih Muslim, Book 4, Number 1666]

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ  أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ صَلَّى فِي الْمَسْجِدِ ذَاتَ لَيْلَةٍ فَصَلَّى بِصَلَاتِهِ نَاسٌ ثُمَّ صَلَّى مِنْ الْقَابِلَةِ فَكَثُرَ النَّاسُ ثُمَّ اجْتَمَعُوا مِنْ اللَّيْلَةِ الثَّالِثَةِ أَوْ الرَّابِعَةِ فَلَمْ يَخْرُجْ إِلَيْهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ قَالَ قَدْ رَأَيْتُ الَّذِي صَنَعْتُمْ فَلَمْ يَمْنَعْنِي مِنْ الْخُرُوجِ إِلَيْكُمْ إِلَّا أَنِّي خَشِيتُ أَنْ تُفْرَضَ عَلَيْكُمْ قَالَ وَذَلِكَ فِي رَمَضَانَ

صحيح مسلم  كتاب صلاة المسافرين وقصرها  باب الترغيب في قيام رمضان وهو التراويح

Hadith on War: The Prophet fought the Quraish until they stopped persecuting Muslims

Anas ibn Malik reported: The Prophet, peace be upon him, said, “I have been commanded to fight the idolaters until they witness that there is no God but Allah and Muhammad is His servant and His messenger. If they witness that there is no God but Allah and Muhammad is His servant and His Messenger, pray our prayer, face our direction of prayer, and eat from our slaughtered animals, then their lives and their wealth are forbidden for us to take except by right of justice.”
[Sunan An-Nasa’i, Book of Unlawfulness of Bloodshed, Number 3966, Sahih]
Ibn Taymiyyah said, “The meaning of this tradition is to fight those who are waging war whom Allah has called us to fight, and it does not mean to fight those who have made peace whom Allah has commanded us to fulfill their peace.”

[Majmu’ Al-Fatawa 19/20]

عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ حَتَّى يَشْهَدُوا أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ فَإِذَا شَهِدُوا أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَصَلَّوْا صَلَاتَنَا وَاسْتَقْبَلُوا قِبْلَتَنَا وَأَكَلُوا ذَبَائِحَنَا فَقَدْ حَرُمَتْ عَلَيْنَا دِمَاؤُهُمْ وَأَمْوَالُهُمْ إِلَّا بِحَقِّهَا

سنن النسائي كتاب تحريم الدم

وقال ابن تيمية مراده قتال المحاربين الذين أذن الله في قتالهم، لم يرد قتال المعاهدين الذين أمر الله بوفاء عهدهم

مجموع الفتاوى

Hadith on Patience: There is no gift that is better and more comprehensive than patience

Abu Sa’id Al-Khudri reported: Indeed, some people from the Ansar asked the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, and he gave them. Then they asked (for charity) again and he gave them. Then they asked again and he gave them until all he had was gone. He said, “If I had anything, I would not withhold it. Whoever refrains from asking others, then Allah will make him content; and whoever would be self-sufficient, then Allah will make him self-sufficient; and whoever would be patient, then Allah will make him patient. There is no gift that is better and more comprehensive than patience.”

[Sahih Bukhari, Book 24, Number 548]

عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ  إِنَّ نَاسًا مِنْ الْأَنْصَارِ سَأَلُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَعْطَاهُمْ ثُمَّ سَأَلُوهُ فَأَعْطَاهُمْ ثُمَّ سَأَلُوهُ فَأَعْطَاهُمْ حَتَّى نَفِدَ مَا عِنْدَهُ فَقَالَ مَا يَكُونُ عِنْدِي مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَلَنْ أَدَّخِرَهُ عَنْكُمْ وَمَنْ يَسْتَعْفِفْ يُعِفَّهُ اللَّهُ وَمَنْ يَسْتَغْنِ يُغْنِهِ اللَّهُ وَمَنْ يَتَصَبَّرْ يُصَبِّرْهُ اللَّهُ وَمَا أُعْطِيَ أَحَدٌ عَطَاءً خَيْرًا وَأَوْسَعَ مِنْ الصَّبْرِ

صحيح البخاري كِتَاب الزَّكَاة بَاب الِاسْتِعْفَافِ عَنْ الْمَسْأَلَةِ

Hadith on Shame: A person without shame will do whatever he pleases

Abu Mas’ud Uqbah reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said, “Verily, among the words people obtained from the first prophecy are: if you feel no shame, then do as you wish.”

[Sahih Bukhari, Book 56, Number 690]

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مَسْعُودٍ عُقْبَةُ قَالَ  قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّ مِمَّا أَدْرَكَ النَّاسُ مِنْ كَلَامِ النُّبُوَّةِ إِذَا لَمْ تَسْتَحْيِ فَافْعَلْ مَا شِئْتَ

صحيح البخاري كِتَاب أَحَادِيثِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ عذبت امرأة في هرة

Hadith on Persecution: The Quraish threatened violence against those who practiced Islam

Ibn Abbas reported: Regarding the verse, “We will call the angels of Hell,” (96:18) Abu Jahl said, “If I see Muhammad praying, I will stomp on his neck!” So the Prophet, peace be upon him, said, “If he does, he will be seized by the angels.”

[Sunan At-Tirmidhi, Book 44, Number 3348, Sahih]

عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا  سَنَدْعُ الزَّبَانِيَةَ  قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ لَئِنْ رَأَيْتُ مُحَمَّدًا يُصَلِّي لَأَطَأَنَّ عَلَى عُنُقِهِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَوْ فَعَلَ لَأَخَذَتْهُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ عِيَانًا

قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ غَرِيبٌ

سنن الترمذي كتاب تفسير القرآن باب ومن سورة اقرأ باسم ربك

Hadith on Judgment: The Prophet was sent to warn about punishment in the Hereafter

Ibn Abbas reported: One day the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, ascended mount As-Safa and he called out, “O people! Come at once!” So the Quraish gathered before him. He said, “Indeed, I am ‘a warner to you before the coming of a severe punishment.’ (34:46) Do you think that if I told you that the enemy was preparing to attack you in the morning or evening you would believe?” Abu Lahab said, “Is it for this that you have called us? May you perish!” So Allah revealed the verse, “Perish the hand of Abu Lahab!” (111:1).

[Sunan At-Tirmidhi, Book 44, Number 3363, Sahih]

عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ  صَعِدَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ عَلَى الصَّفَا فَنَادَى يَا صَبَاحَاهُ فَاجْتَمَعَتْ إِلَيْهِ قُرَيْشٌ فَقَالَ إِنِّي  نَذِيرٌ لَكُمْ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ عَذَابٍ شَدِيدٍ أَرَأَيْتُمْ لَوْ أَنِّي أَخْبَرْتُكُمْ أَنَّ الْعَدُوَّ مُمَسِّيكُمْ أَوْ مُصَبِّحُكُمْ أَكُنْتُمْ تُصَدِّقُونِي فَقَالَ أَبُو لَهَبٍ أَلِهَذَا جَمَعْتَنَا تَبًّا لَكَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ  تَبَّتْ يَدَا أَبِي لَهَبٍ وَتَبَّ

قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ

سنن الترمذي كتاب تفسير القرآن باب ومن سورة تبت يدا

Hadith on Shame: A person without shame will do whatever he pleases

Abu Mas’ud Uqbah reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said, “Verily, among the words people obtained from the first prophecy are: if you feel no shame, then do as you wish.”

[Sahih Bukhari, Book 56, Number 690]

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مَسْعُودٍ عُقْبَةُ قَالَ  قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّ مِمَّا أَدْرَكَ النَّاسُ مِنْ كَلَامِ النُّبُوَّةِ إِذَا لَمْ تَسْتَحْيِ فَافْعَلْ مَا شِئْتَ

صحيح البخاري كِتَاب أَحَادِيثِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ عذبت امرأة في هرة

Hadith on Prayer: How the call to prayer was legislated in Islam

Ibn Umar reported: When the Muslims arrived in Medina, they gathered together for the time of prayer but no one called them. One day, some of them said, “Let us use a bell like the Christians.” Others said, “Let us use a horn like the Jews.” Umar said, “Why not appoint a man to call for the prayer?” The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said, “O Bilal, stand and call for prayer.”

[Sahih Muslim, Book 4, Number 735]

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ  كَانَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ حِينَ قَدِمُوا الْمَدِينَةَ يَجْتَمِعُونَ فَيَتَحَيَّنُونَ الصَّلَوَاتِ وَلَيْسَ يُنَادِي بِهَا أَحَدٌ فَتَكَلَّمُوا يَوْمًا فِي ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ اتَّخِذُوا نَاقُوسًا مِثْلَ نَاقُوسِ النَّصَارَى وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ قَرْنًا مِثْلَ قَرْنِ الْيَهُودِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ أَوَلَا تَبْعَثُونَ رَجُلًا يُنَادِي بِالصَّلَاةِ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَا بِلَالُ قُمْ فَنَادِ بِالصَّلَاةِ

صحيح مسلم كتاب الصلاة باب بدء الأذان

Hadith on Patience: There is no gift that is better and more comprehensive than patience

Abu Sa’id Al-Khudri reported: Indeed, some people from the Ansar asked the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, and he gave them. Then they asked (for charity) again and he gave them. Then they asked again and he gave them until all he had was gone. He said, “If I had anything, I would not withhold it. Whoever refrains from asking others, then Allah will make him content; and whoever would be self-sufficient, then Allah will make him self-sufficient; and whoever would be patient, then Allah will make him patient. There is no gift that is better and more comprehensive than patience.”

[Sahih Bukhari, Book 24, Number 548]

عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ  إِنَّ نَاسًا مِنْ الْأَنْصَارِ سَأَلُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَعْطَاهُمْ ثُمَّ سَأَلُوهُ فَأَعْطَاهُمْ ثُمَّ سَأَلُوهُ فَأَعْطَاهُمْ حَتَّى نَفِدَ مَا عِنْدَهُ فَقَالَمَا يَكُونُ عِنْدِي مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَلَنْ أَدَّخِرَهُ عَنْكُمْ وَمَنْ يَسْتَعْفِفْ يُعِفَّهُ اللَّهُ وَمَنْ يَسْتَغْنِ يُغْنِهِ اللَّهُ وَمَنْ يَتَصَبَّرْ يُصَبِّرْهُ اللَّهُ وَمَا أُعْطِيَ أَحَدٌ عَطَاءً خَيْرًا وَأَوْسَعَ مِنْ الصَّبْرِ

صحيح البخاري كِتَاب الزَّكَاة بَاب الِاسْتِعْفَافِ عَنْ الْمَسْأَلَةِ

Hadith on Muhammad: Gabriel opened the heart of the Prophet and removed Satan from him

Anas ibn Malik reported: Gabriel came to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, (when he was a child) playing with his friends. He took hold of him and paid him on the ground, then he tore open his chest, took out his heart and extracted a blood clot from it. Gabriel said, “This was the measure of Satan inside you.” Then he washed the heart with Zamzam water in a golden vessel and it was joined together and restored. The boys came running to his mother and said, “Indeed, Muhammad has been murdered!” They rushed to him (and found that he was alive) and his color changed. Anas said, “I myself saw the marks of the needle on his chest.”
[Sahih Muslim, Book 1, Number 311]

عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ  أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَتَاهُ جِبْرِيلُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ يَلْعَبُ مَعَ الْغِلْمَانِ فَأَخَذَهُ فَصَرَعَهُ فَشَقَّ عَنْ قَلْبِهِ فَاسْتَخْرَجَ الْقَلْبَ فَاسْتَخْرَجَ مِنْهُ عَلَقَةً فَقَالَ هَذَا حَظُّ الشَّيْطَانِ مِنْكَ ثُمَّ غَسَلَهُ فِي طَسْتٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ بِمَاءِ زَمْزَمَ ثُمَّ لَأَمَهُ ثُمَّ أَعَادَهُ فِي مَكَانِهِ وَجَاءَ الْغِلْمَانُ يَسْعَوْنَ إِلَى أُمِّهِ يَعْنِي ظِئْرَهُ فَقَالُوا إِنَّ مُحَمَّدًا قَدْ قُتِلَ فَاسْتَقْبَلُوهُ وَهُوَ مُنْتَقِعُ اللَّوْنِ قَالَ أَنَسٌ وَقَدْ كُنْتُ أَرْئِي أَثَرَ ذَلِكَ الْمِخْيَطِ فِي صَدْرِهِ

صحيح مسلم كتاب الإيمان باب الإسراء برسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم إلى السماوات وفرض الصلوات