Hadith on Qiyam Al-Layl: Night prayer is performed two raka’at after two raka’at

Ibn Umar reported: A man asked the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, about the night prayer. The Prophet said, “The night prayer is performed two by two. If you worry that dawn is approaching, then pray a single bowing as that will be your witr prayer.”

Source: Sahih Bukhari 946, Sahih Muslim 749

Grade: Muttafaqun Alayhi (authenticity agreed upon) according to Al-Bukhari and Muslim

عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ رَجُلًا سَأَلَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ صَلَاةِ اللَّيْلِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام صَلَاةُ اللَّيْلِ مَثْنَى مَثْنَى فَإِذَا خَشِيَ أَحَدُكُمْ الصُّبْحَ صَلَّى رَكْعَةً وَاحِدَةً تُوتِرُ لَهُ مَا قَدْ صَلَّى

946 صحيح البخاري كتاب الوتر باب ما جاء في الوتر

749 صحيح مسلم كتاب صلاة المسافرين وقصرها باب صلاة الليل مثنى مثنى والوتر ركعة من آخر الليل

Hadith on Fasting: Recommendation to fast six days in the month following Ramadan

Abu Ayub Al-Ansari reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said, “Whoever fasts the month of Ramadan and then follows it with six days of fasting during the month of Shawwal will be as if he fasted for the year.”

[Sahih Muslim, Book 6, Number 2614]

عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَنْ صَامَ رَمَضَانَ ثُمَّ أَتْبَعَهُ سِتًّا مِنْ شَوَّالٍ كَانَ كَصِيَامِ الدَّهْرِ

1164 صحيح مسلم كتاب الصيام باب استحباب صوم ستة أيام من شوال إتباعا لرمضان

Hadith on Jihad: You have come from the lesser Jihad unto the great Jihad against desires

Jabir reported: Some people returned to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, from an expedition. He said, “You have returned with a good return, from the lesser Jihad unto the greater Jihad.” They said, “O Messenger of Allah, what is the greater Jihad?” He said, “It is the servant’s struggle against his desires.”

[Al-Bayhaqi, Kitab Az-Zuhd, Number 383, Da’eef]

عَنْ جَابِرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَدِمَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَوْمٌ غُزَاةٌ فَقَالَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدِمْتُمْ خَيْرَ مَقْدَمٍ مِنَ الْجِهَادِ الأَصْغَرِ إِلَى الْجِهَادِ الأَكْبَرِ قَالُوا وَمَا الْجِهَادُ الأَكْبَرُ ؟ قَالَ مُجَاهَدَةُ الْعَبْدِ هَوَاهُ هَذَا إِسْنَادٌ ضَعِيفٌ

الزهد الكبير للبيهقي الزهد الكبير للبيهقي فصل في ترك الدنيا ومخالفة النفس

Ibn Taymiyyah: Permission to relate weak narrations only as supporting evidence for established good manners

Ibn Taymiyyah said, “It is not permissible to establish something in the Sharia based upon a weak narration which is not authentic or good, but Ahmad bin Hanbal and other scholars considered it permissible to narrate regarding virtuous deeds which are not known to be affirmed but when it is known not to be a lie. That is because when the action is known to be legislated with authentic evidence and it is not known to be a false narration, then it is possible that the reward is true, but not one of the Imams said that he considered it to be permissible to make something obligatory or recommended based upon a weak narration.”

[Majmu Al-Fatawa 250/1]

قال ابن تيمية ولا يجوز أن يعتمد في الشريعة على الأحاديث الضعيفة التي ليست صحيحة ولا حسنة، لكن أحمد بن حنبل وغيره من العلماء جوزوا أن يروى في فضائل الأعمال ما لم يعلم أنه ثابت إذا لم يعلم أنه كذب، وذلك أن العمل إذا علم أنه مشروع بدليل شرعي وروى حديث لا يعلم أنه كذب جاز أن يكون الثواب حقا، ولم يقل أحد من الأئمة أنه يجوز أن يجعل الشيء واجبا أو مستحبا بحديث ضعيف

مجموع الفتاوى

Ahmad ibn Hanbal: Strictness in legislating from authentic narrations but leniency in narrating about virtuous deeds

Thabit reported: Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal and other Imams said, “When we narrate regarding the lawful and unlawful, then we are strict; but when we narrate regarding virtuous deeds and the like, then we are lenient.”

[Ibn Hajr Al-Asqalani, Al-Qawl Al-Masadid fidh-Dhabb ‘An Musnad Al-Imam Ahmad]

وقد ثبت عن الإمام أحمد وغيره من الأئمة أنهم قالوا إذا روينا في الحلال والحرام شددنا ، وإذا روينا في الفضائل ونحوها تساهلنا

القول المسدد في الذب عن مسند الإمام أحمد كتاب للحافظ ابن حجر العسقلاني

Hadith on Fasting: Fasting is a shield from Hellfire just like a shield in battle

Uthman ibn Abu Al-As reported: He invited invited Mutarraf to drink some milk and he said, “I am fasting.” Uthman said: I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, saying, “Fasting is a shield from the Hellfire just like the shield of any of you in battle.”
 
[Sunan Ibn Majah, Book of Fasting, Number 1639, Sahih]

أَنَّ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ أَبِي الْعَاصِ الثَّقَفِيَّ دَعَا لَهُ بِلَبَنٍ يَسْقِيهِ قَالَ مُطَرِّفٌ إِنِّي صَائِمٌ فَقَالَ عُثْمَانُ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ الصِّيَامُ جُنَّةٌ مِنْ النَّارِ كَجُنَّةِ أَحَدِكُمْ مِنْ الْقِتَالِ

سنن ابن ماجه  كتاب الصيام  باب ما جاء في فضل الصيام

Hadith on Vows: The Prophet discouraged vows which are difficult and worship which is burdensome

Ibn Abbas reported: While the Prophet, peace be upon him, was giving a sermon, he saw a man standing and he asked about him. They said, “It is Abu Israel, who has vowed that he will stand and never sit down, he will never come into the shade nor will he speak to anyone, and he will be fasting.” The Prophet said, “Tell him to speak and let him come into the shade; make him sit down but let him complete his fast.”

[Sahih Bukhari, Book 78, Number 695]

عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ بَيْنَا النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَخْطُبُ إِذَا هُوَ بِرَجُلٍ قَائِمٍ فَسَأَلَ عَنْهُ فَقَالُوا أَبُو إِسْرَائِيلَ نَذَرَ أَنْ يَقُومَ وَلَا يَقْعُدَ وَلَا يَسْتَظِلَّ وَلَا يَتَكَلَّمَ وَيَصُومَ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُرْهُ فَلْيَتَكَلَّمْ وَلْيَسْتَظِلَّ وَلْيَقْعُدْ وَلْيُتِمَّ صَوْمَهُ

صحيح البخاري كتاب الْأَيْمَانِ وَالنُّذُورِ مر وهو يطوف بالكعبة بإنسان يقود إنسانا بخزامة في أنفه فقطعها النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم بيده ثم أمره أن يقوده بيده

Hadith on Jihad: The Prophet would strive hard in worship during the last ten nights of Ramadan

Aisha reported: The Prophet, peace be upon him, would exert himself in worship during the last ten nights more than at any other time.

[Sahih Muslim, Book 6, Number 2644]

عَائِشَةُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَجْتَهِدُ فِي الْعَشْرِ الْأَوَاخِرِ مَا لَا يَجْتَهِدُ فِي غَيْرِهِ

صحيح مسلم كِتَاب الِاعْتِكَافِ إذا دخل العشر أحيا الليل وأيقظ أهله وجد وشد المئزر

Hadith on Quran: Tranquility descends upon recitation of the Quran and Surah Al-Kahf

Al-Bara reported: A man was reciting Surah Al-Kahf and there was a horse tied with two ropes at his side, a cloud overshadowed him, and it came nearer and nearer as his horse became frightened of it. He went to the Prophet, peace be upon him, in the morning and mentioned that to him. He said, “Continue reciting so-and-so. Verily, that was tranquility which came down for the recitation of the Quran.”

[Sahih Muslim, Book 4, Number 1739]

الْبَرَاءَ يَقُولُ  قَرَأَ رَجُلٌ الْكَهْفَ وَفِي الدَّارِ دَابَّةٌ فَجَعَلَتْ تَنْفِرُ فَنَظَرَ فَإِذَا ضَبَابَةٌ أَوْ سَحَابَةٌ قَدْ غَشِيَتْهُ قَالَ فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ اقْرَأْ فُلَانُ فَإِنَّهَا السَّكِينَةُ تَنَزَّلَتْ عِنْدَ الْقُرْآنِ أَوْ تَنَزَّلَتْ لِلْقُرْآنِ

صحيح مسلم كِتَاب صَلَاةِ الْمُسَافِرِينَ وَقَصْرِهَا تلك السكينة تنزلت للقرآن

Hadith on Worship: Muslims should worship moderately without harming their health

Anas ibn Malik reported: The Prophet, peace be upon him, entered the mosque and saw a rope between two pillars. He asked, “What is this rope?” They said, “This rope is for Zainab who uses it when she becomes tired during prayer.” The Prophet said, “Do not use it. You should pray when you have energy, but if you feel tired you should sit down.”

[Sahih Bukhari, Book 21, Number 251]

عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ دَخَلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَإِذَا حَبْلٌ مَمْدُودٌ بَيْنَ السَّارِيَتَيْنِ فَقَالَ مَا هَذَا الْحَبْلُ قَالُوا هَذَا حَبْلٌ لِزَيْنَبَ فَإِذَا فَتَرَتْ تَعَلَّقَتْ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَا حُلُّوهُ لِيُصَلِّ أَحَدُكُمْ نَشَاطَهُ فَإِذَا فَتَرَ فَلْيَقْعُدْ

صحيح البخاري كتاب التَّهَجُّد بَاب مَا يُكْرَهُ مِنْ التَّشْدِيدِ فِي الْعِبَادَةِ

Hadith on Quran: Satan runs away from the house in which is recited Surah Al-Baqarah

Abu Huraira reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said, “Do not turn your houses into graves. Verily, Satan flees from the house in which is recited Surah Al-Baqarah.”

[Sahih Muslim, Book 4, Number 1707]

عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا تَجْعَلُوا بُيُوتَكُمْ مَقَابِرَ إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ يَنْفِرُ مِنْ الْبَيْتِ الَّذِي تُقْرَأُ فِيهِ سُورَةُ الْبَقَرَةِ

صحيح مسلم كِتَاب صَلَاةِ الْمُسَافِرِينَ وَقَصْرِهَا مثل البيت الذي يذكر الله فيه والبيت الذي لا يذكر الله فيه مثل الحي والميت

Hadith on Quran: It is enough virtue to recite the last two verses of Surah Al-Baqarah in the night

bu Mas’ud reported: The Prophet, peace be upon him, said, “Whoever recites the last two verses of Surah Al-Baqarah in the night will be sufficed by them.”

[Sahih Bukhari, Book 61, Number 560]

عَنْ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ قَرَأَ بِالْآيَتَيْنِ مِنْ آخِرِ سُورَةِ الْبَقَرَةِ فِي لَيْلَةٍ كَفَتَاهُ

صحيح البخاري كِتَاب فَضَائِلِ الْقُرْآنِ بَاب فَضْلِ سُورَةِ الْبَقَرَةِ

Hadith on Paradise: Surah Al-Mulk will intercede with its reciters until they enter Paradise

Anas reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said, “There is a Surah in the Quran, not but thirty verses, which will intercede for its companion until he is entered into Paradise; it is the Surah, Blessed is He (67:1).”

[At-Tabarani Al-Majmu’ As-Sagheer, Number 463, Hasan]

عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ‏ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وآله وَسَلَّمَ سُورَةٌ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ مَا هِيَ إِلَّا ثَلَاثُونَ آيَةً خَاصَمَتْ عَنْ صَاحِبِهَا حَتَّى أَدْخَلَتْهُ الْجَنَّةَ وَهِيَ سُورَةُ تَبَارَكَ

مَنِ اسْمُهُ سُلَيْمَانُ المعجم الصغير الطبراني

Hadith on Fasting: Muslims should hasten to break the fast and delay the pre-dawn meal

Abu Dharr reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said, “My nation will not cease to be upon goodness so long as they hasten to break their fasting and delay the pre-dawn meal.”

[Musnad Ahmad, Number 20805, Sahih]

عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَا تَزَالُ أُمَّتِي بِخَيْرٍ مَا عَجَّلُوا الْإِفْطَارَ وَأَخَّرُوا السُّحُورَ

مسند أحمد مُسْنَدُ الْأَنْصَارِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ لا تزال أمتي بخير ما عجلوا الإفطار وأخروا السحور

Hadith on Fasting: A Muslim who fasts will be distanced from the Hellfire

Abu Sa’id Al-Khudri reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said, “There is no servant who fasts a day in the way of Allah except that Allah will distance his face from the Hellfire by a distance of seventy years of travel.”

[Sahih Muslim, Book 6, Number 2572]

عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ يَصُومُ يَوْمًا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ إِلَّا بَاعَدَ اللَّهُ بِذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ وَجْهَهُ عَنْ النَّارِ سَبْعِينَ خَرِيفًا

صحيح مسلم  كتاب الصيام  باب فضل الصيام في سبيل الله لمن يطيقه بلا ضرر ولا تفويت حق

Hadith on Fasting: The bad breath of a fasting person is sweeter to Allah than expensive perfumes

Abu Huraira reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said, “Allah the Exalted said: Every deed of the son of Adam is for him except fasting. It is done for My sake and I will reward it. By Allah in whose Hand is the soul of Muhammad, the breath of a fasting person is sweeter to Allah than the fragrance of musk.”

[Sahih Muslim, Book 6, Number 2564]

أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ كُلُّ عَمَلِ ابْنِ آدَمَ لَهُ إِلَّا الصِّيَامَ هُوَ لِي وَأَنَا أَجْزِي بِهِ فَوَالَّذِي نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِيَدِهِ لَخُلْفَةُ فَمِ الصَّائِمِ أَطْيَبُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ مِنْ رِيحِ الْمِسْكِ

صحيح مسلم  كتاب الصيام  باب فضل الصيام

Hadith on Paradise: Those who performed fasts will enter Paradise through a special gate

Sahl ibn Sa’id reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said, “Indeed, there is a gate in Paradise called Ar-Rayyan which only those who fasted will enter on the Day of Resurrection. No one else will enter it along with them. It will be said: Where are those who used to fast so that they may enter? When the last of them enter, it will be closed and no one else will enter through it.”

[Sahih Muslim, Book 6, Number 2569]

عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّ فِي الْجَنَّةِ بَابًا يُقَالُ لَهُ الرَّيَّانُ يَدْخُلُ مِنْهُ الصَّائِمُونَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ لَا يَدْخُلُ مَعَهُمْ أَحَدٌ غَيْرُهُمْ يُقَالُ أَيْنَ الصَّائِمُونَ فَيَدْخُلُونَ مِنْهُ فَإِذَا دَخَلَ آخِرُهُمْ أُغْلِقَ فَلَمْ يَدْخُلْ مِنْهُ أَحَدٌ

صحيح مسلم  كتاب الصيام  باب فضل الصيام

Hadith on 99 Names of Allah: Whoever memorizes and acts upon them will enter Paradise

Abu Huraira reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said, “Allah has ninety-nine Names. Whoever memorizes (and acts upon) them will enter Paradise.”

[Sahih Muslim, Book 35, Number 6476]

عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏ لِلَّهِ تِسْعَةٌ وَتِسْعُونَ اسْمًا مَنْ حَفِظَهَا دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ

Ibn Abbas: Allah alone possesses divinity and the right to be worshipped above all creation

Abdullah Ibn Abbas said, “Allah is the one possessing divinity and the right to be worshipped above the creation altogether.”

[Tafsir At-Tabari, Verse 1:1]

عَنْ عَبْد اللَّه بْن عَبَّاس قَالَ : اللَّه ذُو الْأُلُوهِيَّة وَالْمَعْبُودِيَّة عَلَى خَلْقه أَجْمَعِينَ

Hadith on Fasting: The supplication of a person breaking their fast is never turned away

Abdullah ibn Amr ibn Al-‘As reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said, “Indeed, the supplication of the fasting person when he breaks his fast is not turned away.” Ibn Abu Mulaikah said: I heard Abdullah ibn Amr say upon breaking his fast, “O Allah, I ask You by Your mercy, which encompasses all things, that You forgive me.”

[Sunan Ibn Majah, Book of Fasting, Number 1753, Hasan]

عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ يَقُولُ  قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّ لِلصَّائِمِ عِنْدَ فِطْرِهِ لَدَعْوَةً مَا تُرَدُّ قَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَمْرٍو يَقُولُ إِذَا أَفْطَرَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ بِرَحْمَتِكَ الَّتِي وَسِعَتْ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ أَنْ تَغْفِرَ لِي

سنن ابن ماجه كتاب الصيام باب في الصائم لا ترد دعوته